Toothache: causes and what to do until you see us

Most common causes

• Deep decay: pain with sweets or cold.
• Inflamed pulp (pulpitis): strong, throbbing pain, especially at night, lingering after cold or heat.
• Abscess: pain with swelling, a “pimple” on the gum or a bad taste.
• Wisdom tooth: pain at the back of the jaw with difficulty opening the mouth.
• Sensitivity: short, sharp pain that passes quickly.
• Teeth grinding: jaw and tooth pain in the morning.

What to do at home

• An ordinary painkiller as directed on the leaflet (such as paracetamol, or ibuprofen if it is safe for you).
• Rinse with warm salt water and gently clean around the tooth.
• A cold compress on the cheek if there is swelling.
• Do not put aspirin on the gum, and don't take antibiotics without a prescription.

When is it an emergency?

Facial swelling or swelling under the jaw that is getting bigger, fever, difficulty swallowing or breathing, or bleeding that won't stop — these need a doctor as soon as possible (and if breathing is difficult: go to the emergency department immediately).