💊 Dapagliflozin (Dapagliflozin)
Dapagliflozin is an oral prescription medicine used in adults to reduce the risk of kidney function decline, cardiovascular events and heart failure hospitalization, and to improve blood sugar control in type 2 diabetes (adults and children aged 10 years and older). Your doctor or pharmacist will decide the right dose for you.
In Arabic: داباجليفلوزين
🏷️ Brand names & manufacturers
Packages shown are US-market (DailyMed). Brands available in Palestine are in the price section below.
Farxiga🏭 AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals LP
Dapagliflozin🏭 Teva Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
Dapagliflozin🏭 Lupin Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
Dapagliflozin🏭 Novadoz Pharmaceuticals LLC✅ What it is used for
- To reduce the risk of sustained eGFR decline, end-stage kidney disease, CV death, and hospitalization for heart failure in adults with chronic kidney disease at risk of progression
- To reduce the risk of CV death, hospitalization for heart failure, and urgent heart failure visit in adults with heart failure
- To reduce the risk of hospitalization for heart failure in adults with type 2 diabetes and either established CV disease or multiple CV risk factors
- As an adjunct to diet and exercise to improve glycemic control in adults and pediatric patients aged 10 years and older with type 2 diabetes
🧪 Active ingredient
The active ingredient is dapagliflozin, which inhibits SGLT2 in the proximal renal tubules, reducing glucose reabsorption and increasing glucose excretion in urine; it also reduces sodium reabsorption.
🌿 Benefits
- Improves blood sugar control in type 2 diabetes
- Reduces the risk of hospitalization for heart failure
- Reduces the risk of kidney function decline in chronic kidney disease at risk of progression
- Reduces the risk of cardiovascular death in heart failure or chronic kidney disease
📝 How to use
- Taken by mouth once daily
- The dose is set by your doctor or pharmacist; do not change it on your own
- Your doctor may check kidney function and fluid status before starting and as needed during treatment
- Tell your doctor before surgery or procedures with prolonged fasting; the medicine may need to be stopped at least 3 days beforehand, if possible
💊 Dosage forms
- 5 mg tablets: yellow, biconvex, round, film-coated, engraved "5" and "1427"
- 10 mg tablets: yellow, biconvex, diamond-shaped, film-coated, engraved "10" and "1428"
⚠️ Common side effects
- Genital fungal infections in women
- Nasopharyngitis (common cold symptoms)
- Urinary tract infections
- Increased urine volume
- Low blood pressure, especially in older patients
🚨 Serious — seek medical help
- Ketoacidosis (life-threatening), even with normal blood glucose levels
- Volume depletion (dehydration) with possible kidney effects
- Serious genitourinary infections including urosepsis and pyelonephritis
- Necrotizing fasciitis of the perineum (Fournier's gangrene): pain, tenderness, redness or swelling in the genital or perineal area with fever or malaise
- Hypoglycemia when used with insulin or insulin secretagogues
- Serious hypersensitivity reactions including anaphylaxis and angioedema
⛔ Do not use if
- History of serious hypersensitivity reaction to dapagliflozin or any of the tablet's excipients
❗ Warnings & precautions
- Not recommended to improve glycemic control in type 1 diabetes; it significantly increases the risk of diabetic ketoacidosis
- Not recommended to improve glycemic control when eGFR is below 45 mL/min/1.73 m²
- Not recommended for chronic kidney disease in polycystic kidney disease or in patients requiring or recently treated with immunosuppressive therapy for kidney disease
- Volume status and renal function should be assessed before starting in the elderly, those with renal impairment or low systolic blood pressure, and those on diuretics
- If ketoacidosis is suspected, stop the medicine and seek medical care
- Monitor for signs of genitourinary infection and treat promptly
🔄 Drug interactions
- Insulin or insulin secretagogues (e.g., sulfonylureas): risk of hypoglycemia may increase; lower doses of these may be needed
- Lithium: serum lithium concentrations may decrease; monitor more frequently when starting or changing the dose
- Causes positive urine glucose tests; urine glucose monitoring is not recommended
- Interferes with the 1,5-anhydroglucitol (1,5-AG) assay, which is unreliable for assessing glycemic control
- Tell your doctor or pharmacist about all medicines you take
🤰 Pregnancy
Not recommended during the second and third trimesters of pregnancy because of adverse renal effects seen in animal studies. Data in pregnant women are limited. Talk to your doctor if you are pregnant or planning pregnancy.
🍼 Breastfeeding
Not recommended while breastfeeding.
🧒 Children
Safety and effectiveness for glycemic control in type 2 diabetes are established in patients aged 10 years and older. They have not been established in children under 10, nor for the kidney and heart indications in pediatric patients.
👴 Older adults
No dose change is recommended based on age, but a higher proportion of patients aged 65 and older had adverse reactions related to hypotension.
🌡️ Storage
Store at 20°C to 25°C (68°F to 77°F); excursions permitted between 15°C and 30°C (59°F and 86°F).
⏰ Missed dose
The available label does not give instructions for a missed dose; ask your doctor or pharmacist and do not double the dose on your own.
🆘 Overdose
No overdose reports occurred during clinical development. If an overdose is suspected, contact a Poison Help line or seek medical care immediately; supportive measures are used as dictated by clinical status. Removal by hemodialysis has not been studied.
💰 Price & brands in your area
🏛️ Official price in Palestine — Ministry of Health price list:
| Product | Company | Pack | Price |
|---|---|---|---|
| DIAPAGLIF 5MG - 30 TAB Dapagliflozin | MASROUJI CO. | 30 TAB | 79 ₪ |
| Divinus 5 Dapagliflozin | Pharmacare Store | 30 tab | 79 ₪ |
| DIVINUSMET XR 10/1000 EXTENDED RELEASE-30 TAB Dapagliflozin (as propanediol monohydrate) 10 mg and 1000 mg Metformin hydrochlo | Pharmacare Store | 30 TAB | 123 ₪ |
| DIAPAGLIF 10MG - 30 TAB Dapagliflozin | MASROUJI CO. | 30 TAB | 125 ₪ |
| Divinus 10 Dapagliflozin | Pharmacare Store | 30 Tablets / box | 125 ₪ |
| DIVINUSMET XR 5/1000 EXTENDED RELEASE-60 TAB Dapagliflozin (as propanediol monohydrate) 5 mg and 1000 mg Metformin hydrochlor | Pharmacare Store | 60 tab | 131 ₪ |
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Mechanism of action
SGLT2 inhibitor acting in the proximal renal tubules: reduces reabsorption of filtered glucose and increases urinary glucose excretion; also reduces sodium reabsorption and increases distal tubular sodium delivery, which may lower cardiac pre- and afterload, downregulate sympathetic activity, and decrease intraglomerular pressure via increased tubuloglomerular feedback.
Labeled dosing
Glycemic control (adults and pediatric patients ≥10 years): start 5 mg orally once daily; may increase to 10 mg once daily. Other indications in adults: 10 mg orally once daily. Assess renal function and volume status before initiation. The dose is determined by the doctor or pharmacist.
- Glycemic control: not recommended when eGFR <45 mL/min/1.73 m²
- Other indications: initiation not recommended when eGFR <25; patients may continue 10 mg daily if eGFR falls below 25 during treatment
- Withhold at least 3 days, if possible, before surgery or procedures with prolonged fasting
- Consider ketone monitoring in type 1 diabetes and others at risk of ketoacidosis; assess for ketoacidosis regardless of blood glucose
- Consider a lower dose of insulin or insulin secretagogue to reduce hypoglycemia risk
🎓 Key points for students
- Mechanism: SGLT2 inhibition increases urinary glucose and sodium excretion
- Indications: CKD, heart failure, type 2 diabetes (CV risk reduction and glycemic control)
- Key risks: ketoacidosis, volume depletion, genitourinary infections and Fournier's gangrene
- Important interactions: insulin and secretagogues, lithium, and interference with urine glucose and 1,5-AG tests
- Contraindication: prior serious hypersensitivity to dapagliflozin or excipients
- Avoid in the second and third trimesters of pregnancy and during breastfeeding
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What is dapagliflozin used for?
It is used to protect the kidneys and heart in certain patients, reduce heart failure hospitalization, and improve blood sugar control in type 2 diabetes, as decided by your doctor.
How often is it taken?
It is taken by mouth once daily; the dose is set by your doctor or pharmacist.
What are the most common side effects?
Female genital fungal infections, nasopharyngitis, and urinary tract infections.
Can it be used in type 1 diabetes?
It is not recommended to improve glycemic control in type 1 diabetes because it significantly increases the risk of ketoacidosis.
Can it be used during pregnancy or breastfeeding?
It is not recommended during the second and third trimesters of pregnancy or while breastfeeding; consult your doctor.
Does it affect urine sugar tests?
Yes, it causes positive urine glucose tests, so urine glucose testing is not recommended for monitoring; alternative methods are used.
⚕️ For education only — not a substitute for advice from your doctor or pharmacist. Do not start or stop any medicine without advice. Source: official FDA drug label via openFDA (2026-06), simplified. Updated: 2026-11-10.